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Static-99/Static-99R

Overview

The Static-99 is a ten item actuarial assessment instrument created by R. Karl Hanson, Ph.D. and David Thornton, Ph.D. for use with adult male sexual offenders who are at least 18 year of age at time of release to the community. It is the most widely used sex offender risk assessment instrument in the world, and is extensively used in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and many European nations.

This site is dedicated to the community of Static-99 users, and governed by an Advisory Board whose members approve and submit content, and rotate responsibility for answering Static-99 coding questions. Our intent is to provide useful information in a timely manner, and to promote best practices in sexual offender assessment among professionals who routinely use the instrument.

Coding questions may be submitted to Dr. Yolanda Fernandez (staticquestions@gmail.com); please consult the coding manual and FAQs prior to submission. Routine questions will be answered by the Site Manager, who has the full confidence of the Static-99 developers.  Complex questions will be referred by the Site Manager to the Advisory Board for discussion and a response will be forwarded to the requestor as quickly as possible (in most cases within 5 business days).
Veuillez envoyer les questions en français à Dr. Claire Ducro.

Documents

 

Static-2002 Training

None at this time.


Static-99 Training

Note that training on Static-99 is sufficient to score Static-99R given that the only difference between the scales is different weights for the age item.

 

Static-2002/R

We recommend evaluators use Static-2002R instead of Static-2002.


Static-2002R

Note that Static-99/R training is not sufficient to score Static-2002/R. We recommend that evaluators obtain Static-2002/R training before using the scale.

Coding Materials*
*Note that the Static-2002 coding rules apply to all Static-2002R items, with the exception that the age item has updated weights

Reporting Static-2002R Results

Certified Static-2002R Trainers

Static-2002

For research regarding Static-2002/R, please see ‘Research’ section of the website.

Static-99 & Related Risk Assessment Research


Static-99R and Static-2002R

  • Babchishin, Blais & Helmus. (in press, 2012). Do Static Risk Factors Predict Differently for Aboriginal Sex Offenders? A Multi-Site Comparison using the Original and Revised Static-99 and Static-2002 Scales. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice.
  • Babchishin, Hanson, & Helmus (2011). The RRASOR, Static-99R and Static-2002R all add incrementally to the prediction of recidivism among sex offenders (Corrections Research User Report 2011-01). Ottawa, ON, Canada: Public Safety.
  • Babchishin, Hanson, & Helmus (2012). Communicating risk for sex offenders: Risk ratios for Static-2002R. Sexual Offender Treatment, 7(2).
  • Babchishin, Hanson, & Helmus (2012). Even highly correlated measures can add incrementally to predicting recidivism among sex offenders. Assessment, 19(4), 442-461.
  • Hanson, Babchishin, Helmus, & Thornton. (2013). Quantifying the relative risk of sex offenders: Risk ratios for Static-99R. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 25(5), 482-515.
  • Hanson, Lloyd, Helmus, & Thornton. (2012). Developing non-arbitrary metrics for risk communication: Percentile ranks for the Static-99/R and Static-2002/R sexual offender risk tools. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 11(1), 9-23.
  • Hanson, Thornton, Helmus, & Babchishin (2015, in press). What sexual recidivism rates are associated with Static-99R and Static-2002R scores? Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment.
  • Hanson & Thornton. (2012). Preselection Effects Can Explain Group Differences in Sexual Recidivism Base Rates in Static-99R and Static-2002R Validation Studies (Paper presented at the 31st Annual Research and Treatment Conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abuser, Denver, CO.)
  • Helmus, Hanson, Thornton, Babchishin, & Harris. (in press, 2012). Absolute recidivism rates predicted by Static-99R and Static-2002R sex offender risk assessment tools vary across samples: A meta-analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior.
  • Helmus, Thornton, Hanson, & Babchishin. (2012). Improving the predictive accuracy of Static-99 and Static-2002 with older sex offenders: Revised age weights. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 24(1), 64-101.

Given that only the age item has changed for the revised Static scales, research regarding the original scales can be considered roughly applicable to the revised scales as well.

 

Static-99

Static-2002

  • Hanson, Helmus, & Thornton (2010). Predicting recidivism amongst sexual offenders: A multi-site study of Static-2002. Law and Human Behavior, 34, 198-211.
  • Helmus & Hanson (2007). Predictive validity of the Static-99 and Static-2002 for sex offenders on community supervision. Sexual Offender Treatment, 2(2), 1-14.
  • Hanson & Thornton (2003). Notes on the development of Static-2002 (Corrections Research User Report 2003-01). Ottawa, ON: Solicitor General of Canada.

Other Research on Sex Offender Risk Assessment

  • Hanson & Morton-Bourgon (2009). The accuracy of recidivism risk assessments for sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of 118 prediction studies. Psychological Assessment, 21, 1-21.
  • Hanson, Harris, Scott, & Helmus (2007). Assessing the risk of sexual offenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project (Corrections Research User Report 2007-05). Ottawa, ON: Public Safety Canada.
  • Hanson & Morton-Bourgon (2004). Predictors of sexual recidivism: An updated meta-analysis (Corrections Research User Report 2004-02). Ottawa, ON: Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
  • Harris & Hanson (2004). Sex offender recidivism: A simple question (Corrections Research User Report 2004-03). Ottawa, ON: Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
  • Hanson & Harris (1998). Dynamic predictors of sexual recidivism (Corrections Research User Report 1998-01). Ottawa, ON: Solicitor General of Canada.

Ongoing Research

  • Info on research studies underway - coming soon
  • Data Collection/Coding Standards - coming soon

 

Norms

The developers of Static-99 recommend that evaluators use Static-99R instead of Static-99.

Static-99R Norms


Static-99 Norms
Note that the revised Static-99 norms contain fewer samples than the Static-99R norms. We do not plan to continue research on the Static-99 norms given that we recommend evaluators use the Static-99R.

Disclaimer: The content of the STATIC-99 website (including the scoring rules and responses to questions) is accurate according to the opinions of the authors of the coding rules. The information and directions may or may not apply to specific individuals considered for assessment using the STATIC-99. Determination of appropriate application and scoring of the STATIC-99 to specific cases and in specific jurisdictions requires the judgment of an evaluator trained in the applied use of the STATIC-99.